Study of hope parameters in Giv and Kamus Keshani characters from Ferdowsi's Shahnameh based on Snyder's theory

Characterization is one of the most important narrative features as an important role in the permanence and prominence of narration. Characters are main parts of the narrative structure, and the more a writer can base his narration on a more constant character, the more hopeful he can be about his work immortality the more a writer can base his narration on a more constant character, the more hopeful he can be about his work immortality. Ferdowsi's Shahnameh is a work considering more attention to narration elements among the world classics literature than its contemporary factors. This great literary work has unique social, psychological and characteristic features characters that have turned them into multidimensional heroes. By considering the epic nature of Shahnameh, hope and motivation is one of the applied psychological and spiritual parameters as a motivational force to promote epic goals in the characters. In this study, the hope parameter has been considered based on Snyder's theory in Giv and Kamus Keshani characters completely different and Positive and negative personality traits are evident in them. Objective thinking, passage thinking and agent thinking are the components of this review and as the results illustrate, hope parameter is the main motivational factor to promote these two characters creating epic and heroic scenes by all its psychological dimensions based on Snyder’s theory. The thinking of the goal and the agent in Gio's character shows itself clearly, and as a result, the motivational aspect of hope works brilliantly in her.