Analysis of the Non Structural Cohesion of a Sonnet from Hafiz Shirazi (Based on the Halliday and Hassan pattern)

Document Type : Scientific

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Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Persian Literature and Foreign Languages, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran.

10.22103/jis.2024.22148.2529

Abstract

The issue of coherence or Incoherence of Hafez's sonnets has long been the concern of many writers and Hafez scholars. In the contemporary world, many linguistic theories are effective for explaining and interpreting such matters. This research, which is written in a descriptive-analytical method, tries to clarify and explain the issue of non-structural coherence and show the components of this coherence based on the model of Halliday and Hasan (according to role-oriented linguistics and the principles of text coherence ), to explain and examine the issue of non-structural cohesion in Hafez's sonnet. In this research, the non-structural coherence of Hafez's Sonnet will be investigated and analyzed at three levels: 1- lexical or lexical coherence (repetition, common semantic field: semantic synonymy, semantic contrast, opposition, lexical inclusion, virtual commonality); 2- syntactic or grammatical coherence (reference, deletion, replacement); 3- Coherent coherence (semantic-grammatical relations). The result of the research indicates that despite the fact that Hafez's verses in this sonnet seem to lack coherence and each verse seems to be independent from another verse, these verses have a non-structural unity and coherence.

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