Examining animal symbols in the poems of Adib al-Mamalek ّFarahani

Document Type : Scientific

Authors

1 Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities,Islamic Azad University,Kerman,Iran

2 Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran

3 Islamic Azad University, Shahid Haj Qassem Soleimani branch

Abstract

In Persian literature like other languages, poets and authors, for many reasons, have used animals as symbols to express their objectives. In addition to making the readers more interested, it has made the perception of the themes easier. One of the poets who have used animals as symbols to express his political, social, and national themes is Adib-al-Mamalik Farahani, a poet from the ‘Return Period’ and Mashruteh age. The present study aims to demonstrate the way the animal symbols work as a stylistic feature in the political-social poems of Adib-al-Mamalik Farahani.The research method is descriptive-analytical.
the symbols used in his Divan are of the human type and their origins are animals like birds, aquatic animals, wild animals, domestic animals, cattle, and insects.expressing the shortcomings, problems, and struggle with the ruling tyranny, urging and encouraging the nation to unite and depend on each other, anti-colonialism and the fight against the influence of foreigners, satirizing officials, and different classes, and praising political officials. Also, the use of animal idioms for innovative political-social poems can be considered a main component of the main poetic style of Adib-al-Mamalik Farahani.
The results indicate that the use of animal idioms is more intended to convey the social-political concepts of the poet’s age. They are also used for specific purposes such as urging and encouraging the nation to unite and depend on each other, anti-colonialism and the fight against the

Keywords

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