Phenomenology of Language in Mystical Poetry based on Merleau-Ponty's Opinions

Document Type : Scientific

Author

Department of Visual Communication, Faculty of Visual Arts, Isfahan University of Art, Iran

10.22103/jis.2025.24908.2705

Abstract

Purpose: Merleau-Ponty considers language as knowledge and a kind of correlation between thinking, language and body. According to him, all linguistic signs and conventions are a pre-existing accumulation and a product of thinking and expressive action of a world-culture, and flesh makes it more meaningful with "bodily understanding" and "individual application". While examining the phenomenology of language according to Merleau-Ponty, this article tries to phenomenology the metaphorical-allegorical language of mystical poetry based on the opinions of this philosopher.
Method and Research: This article, relying on components extracted from Merleau-Ponty's phenomenological-linguistic views, studies the metaphorical language of Iranian mystical poetry. The statistical population of this study is the mystical poems of poets such as Rumi, Hafez, and Iraqi, and the author has purposefully selected 30 verses from these poems for study and reference.
Findings and Conclusions: Relying on this point of view, the mystic cannot completely escape the control of the language-world of tradition, but by facing the belief components of the world of tradition and its linguistic limitations, he expresses his individuality in the work. With the help of his metaphorical language, he can use any theme to describe his inner states or his romantic relationship with God in his poetry, and while expanding the meanings in mystical themes and symbols, he connects the concepts together; And finally, he can remind the meaning of the language and world of tradition: that is, the meaning of transcendence and all-encompassing truth in the universe.

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