A Comparative Study of the Cypress Motif on Qajar-Era Tombstones: Case Study of Bazlar Cemetery in Hafshejan and Takht-e Foulad Cemetery in Isfahan

Kharahafshjani, Raziyeh; Taghavinejad, Bahareh; Jafari-Dehkordi, Nahid

doi:10.22103/jis.2025.25349.2728

A Comparative Study of the Cypress Motif on Qajar-Era Tombstones: Case Study of Bazlar Cemetery in Hafshejan and Takht-e Foulad Cemetery in Isfahan

Document Type : Scientific

Authors

¹ Art University of Isfahan

² Associate Professor, Art University of Isfahan

³ Assistant Professor, Shahrekord University

10.22103/jis.2025.25349.2728

Abstract

Introduction:The Takht-e Foulad Cemetery in Isfahan, located in the southeastern part of the city with an area of 75 hectares, and the Bozlar Cemetery in Hafshejan, situated in the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, are among the most significant cemeteries in Iran. This study focuses on gravestones from the Qajar era, utilizing both documentary and field research methods. The primary aim of the study is to analyze and compare the use of the cypress motif in the gravestones of Bozlar Cemetery and Takht-e Foulad Cemetery.
Methodology:Through the examination of these motifs, similarities and differences in their design and application within the two cemeteries are identified. Employing a descriptive-analytical method and a comparative synchronic approach, the authors examine how the cypress motif appears on Qajar-era gravestones in these two cemeteries.
Discussion:The findings reveal that both cemeteries contain a variety of decorative motifs displayed on gravestones. These include arabesque (eslimi), khatayi (stylized floral), vegetal, animal, and object motifs, among which the cypress tree appears in various forms. As one of the most prominent cultural and religious symbols in Iranian Islamic art—particularly in historic cemeteries—the cypress tree holds a strong presence.
Conclusion:The results show that the cypress motif appears either independently or in combination with other elements such as birds, mihrabs (prayer niches), and vases. Although differences in design exist between the two cemeteries, the symbolic and cultural meanings behind the motifs remain fundamentally similar. These motifs not only serve a decorative function but also reflect the beliefs and profound meanings of the Qajar period.

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